Mean State

Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 69.2
bcc-csm1-1 [-] 67.0 66.9 69.2 -1.08 21.5 2.37 0.171 0.483 0.622 0.690 0.490
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 64.3 63.3 69.2 -3.91 20.2 2.15 0.266 0.553 0.658 0.734 0.553
CanESM2 [-] 78.2 78.1 69.2 11.1 21.5 2.40 0.0106 0.618 0.620 0.365 0.446
CanESM5 [-] 68.7 68.5 69.2 8.72 14.6 2.21 0.159 0.427 0.656 0.937 0.521
CESM1-BGC [-] 71.8 72.0 69.2 6.21 19.6 2.43 0.0657 0.537 0.608 0.651 0.480
CESM2 [-] 61.8 62.0 69.2 0.573 14.4 1.98 0.356 0.617 0.687 0.856 0.626
GFDL-ESM2G [-] 67.3 67.6 69.2 2.86 20.0 2.58 0.122 0.333 0.577 0.636 0.400
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 72.9 72.9 69.2 3.69 18.2 2.12 0.0914 0.494 0.663 0.676 0.484
IPSL-CM5A-LR [-] 64.2 62.9 69.2 1.90 13.7 2.55 0.245 0.604 0.572 0.802 0.565
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 65.7 66.7 69.2 2.55 17.8 2.46 0.159 0.490 0.608 0.755 0.500
MeanCMIP6 [-] 63.2 63.2 69.2 0.260 15.5 2.13 0.284 0.651 0.653 0.803 0.608
MIROC-ESM [-] 70.8 70.7 69.2 8.60 16.4 2.49 0.151 0.635 0.594 0.870 0.577
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 68.7 68.6 69.2 3.20 18.6 2.39 0.173 0.691 0.608 0.841 0.601
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 57.9 57.9 69.2 -4.98 17.7 2.37 0.463 0.463 0.608 0.848 0.569
NorESM1-ME [-] 74.3 72.7 69.2 6.56 20.1 2.36 0.0810 0.562 0.622 0.731 0.511
NorESM2-LM [-] 58.0 56.9 69.2 -3.65 13.9 1.75 0.514 0.617 0.740 0.884 0.674
UK-HadGEM2-ES [-] 59.1 59.8 69.3 -2.79 16.4 2.32 0.344 0.501 0.623 0.779 0.549
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 57.5 57.0 69.2 -4.07 15.1 2.44 0.367 0.648 0.587 0.899 0.630
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 85.5
bcc-csm1-1 [-] 78.2 78.2 85.5 -12.1 20.2 2.31 0.325 0.829 0.648 0.306 0.588
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 82.2 82.4 85.5 -13.1 22.6 2.34 0.273 0.892 0.643 0.555 0.651
CanESM2 [-] 91.4 91.4 85.5 0.720 14.8 2.10 0.00391 0.878 0.682 0.192 0.527
CanESM5 [-] 91.6 91.6 85.5 6.74 10.6 2.20 0.000187 0.909 0.660 0.0464 0.505
CESM1-BGC [-] 89.3 89.3 85.5 -2.67 16.9 2.28 0.0196 0.906 0.646 0.259 0.547
CESM2 [-] 85.2 85.2 85.5 -2.93 15.4 2.13 0.0262 0.896 0.666 0.124 0.522
GFDL-ESM2G [-] 87.6 87.4 85.5 -4.04 17.6 2.28 0.0272 0.864 0.654 0.325 0.547
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 82.1 82.1 85.5 -3.43 16.8 2.45 0.0189 0.892 0.619 0.223 0.529
IPSL-CM5A-LR [-] 83.7 83.7 85.5 -1.53 13.9 2.07 0.0246 0.903 0.692 0.0584 0.516
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 85.7 85.6 85.5 -3.90 16.5 1.91 0.0438 0.899 0.727 0.216 0.557
MeanCMIP6 [-] 84.6 84.6 85.5 -4.84 17.0 1.99 0.0351 0.917 0.693 0.183 0.549
MIROC-ESM [-] 96.4 96.4 85.5 4.59 13.3 3.27 0.000698 0.908 0.466 0.181 0.493
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 88.6 88.7 85.5 -1.39 16.4 2.70 0.0107 0.852 0.552 0.386 0.530
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 81.2 81.3 85.5 -11.5 20.6 1.89 0.281 0.842 0.725 0.410 0.620
NorESM1-ME [-] 88.0 88.0 85.5 -2.09 16.1 1.99 0.0138 0.911 0.709 0.218 0.552
NorESM2-LM [-] 82.8 82.8 85.5 -5.01 16.2 2.29 0.0593 0.898 0.645 0.114 0.523
UK-HadGEM2-ES [-] 80.1 79.9 85.5 -9.77 18.9 2.28 0.236 0.810 0.625 0.232 0.543
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 81.8 81.9 85.5 -8.75 18.9 2.17 0.145 0.867 0.670 0.269 0.563
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 62.5
bcc-csm1-1 [-] 69.0 68.9 62.5 6.89 16.0 1.88 0.365 0.533 0.718 0.955 0.621
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 68.7 68.7 62.5 6.64 15.4 1.83 0.378 0.570 0.725 0.975 0.643
CanESM2 [-] 74.9 74.8 62.5 13.3 20.1 1.97 0.214 0.576 0.707 0.525 0.520
CanESM5 [-] 69.2 69.0 62.5 9.29 16.3 1.73 0.315 0.516 0.744 0.913 0.601
CESM1-BGC [-] 72.2 72.2 62.5 10.7 16.7 1.95 0.279 0.597 0.703 0.867 0.609
CESM2 [-] 67.3 67.2 62.5 6.41 13.7 1.89 0.411 0.598 0.708 0.983 0.660
GFDL-ESM2G [-] 69.5 69.4 62.5 8.28 17.4 1.90 0.303 0.454 0.717 0.962 0.578
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 72.7 72.7 62.5 10.2 16.8 1.91 0.244 0.536 0.712 0.979 0.601
IPSL-CM5A-LR [-] 67.8 67.7 62.5 6.85 14.2 1.78 0.374 0.624 0.733 0.948 0.661
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 71.0 71.0 62.5 9.63 15.8 1.91 0.309 0.573 0.708 0.945 0.622
MeanCMIP6 [-] 69.0 69.0 62.5 7.88 13.8 1.76 0.353 0.666 0.731 0.976 0.679
MIROC-ESM [-] 72.1 72.0 62.5 11.8 17.4 1.89 0.258 0.567 0.716 0.962 0.614
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 68.7 68.6 62.5 7.53 15.9 1.88 0.308 0.620 0.714 0.984 0.649
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 67.4 67.4 62.5 6.46 15.4 1.77 0.344 0.597 0.733 0.985 0.651
NorESM1-ME [-] 72.4 72.3 62.5 11.0 17.1 1.90 0.275 0.586 0.711 0.894 0.610
NorESM2-LM [-] 66.8 66.8 62.5 6.16 14.1 1.88 0.415 0.587 0.710 0.989 0.658
UK-HadGEM2-ES [-] 70.0 69.9 62.5 8.94 15.3 1.88 0.333 0.620 0.709 0.982 0.653
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 69.7 69.7 62.5 8.60 15.8 1.87 0.336 0.633 0.713 0.969 0.657
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 83.8
bcc-csm1-1 [-] 86.6 86.5 83.8 2.52 14.4 2.55 0.437 0.538 0.605 0.850 0.594
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 88.0 87.7 83.8 4.75 17.0 2.80 0.377 0.552 0.571 0.991 0.609
CanESM2 [-] 81.3 81.2 83.8 0.930 10.9 3.56 0.596 0.452 0.412 0.713 0.525
CanESM5 [-] 82.3 82.2 83.8 4.03 9.00 2.47 0.559 0.486 0.616 0.778 0.585
CESM1-BGC [-] 82.9 83.0 83.8 1.97 10.5 2.37 0.598 0.648 0.644 0.851 0.678
CESM2 [-] 84.4 84.4 83.8 3.14 13.1 2.41 0.538 0.514 0.639 0.957 0.632
GFDL-ESM2G [-] 87.9 87.6 83.8 6.01 12.1 2.19 0.359 0.539 0.675 0.720 0.566
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 89.3 89.3 83.8 5.53 13.9 2.65 0.295 0.488 0.596 0.682 0.510
IPSL-CM5A-LR [-] 85.0 85.2 83.8 3.50 10.8 2.20 0.483 0.613 0.671 0.572 0.590
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 86.1 86.1 83.8 3.96 11.3 2.54 0.459 0.585 0.615 0.646 0.578
MeanCMIP6 [-] 86.6 86.6 83.8 4.79 12.3 2.42 0.443 0.598 0.639 0.859 0.627
MIROC-ESM [-] 90.3 90.2 83.8 9.07 12.3 2.26 0.282 0.531 0.644 0.571 0.512
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 86.1 86.0 83.8 4.80 13.7 2.20 0.427 0.573 0.670 0.952 0.639
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 89.5 89.8 83.8 8.55 15.1 2.46 0.282 0.585 0.626 0.974 0.611
NorESM1-ME [-] 84.5 84.8 83.8 3.16 11.2 2.29 0.532 0.642 0.657 0.814 0.658
NorESM2-LM [-] 84.8 85.4 83.8 3.48 13.9 2.29 0.501 0.495 0.649 0.964 0.621
UK-HadGEM2-ES [-] 86.5 86.1 83.8 3.72 12.2 2.68 0.458 0.628 0.581 0.776 0.614
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 88.1 88.1 83.8 5.03 14.1 2.51 0.424 0.563 0.616 0.895 0.612
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 64.7
bcc-csm1-1 [-] 69.2 69.1 64.7 4.82 15.0 1.99 0.535 0.455 0.723 0.967 0.627
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 72.6 72.6 64.7 7.98 14.7 1.58 0.473 0.549 0.784 0.992 0.669
CanESM2 [-] 72.9 72.6 64.7 8.71 14.8 1.47 0.377 0.559 0.808 0.986 0.658
CanESM5 [-] 72.3 72.0 64.7 8.60 18.5 1.69 0.342 0.365 0.773 0.869 0.543
CESM1-BGC [-] 81.3 81.4 64.7 16.8 20.0 1.85 0.114 0.634 0.734 0.986 0.620
CESM2 [-] 76.7 76.8 64.7 12.5 16.6 1.38 0.236 0.586 0.826 0.990 0.645
GFDL-ESM2G [-] 66.9 67.0 64.7 3.18 19.7 1.52 0.605 0.161 0.802 0.995 0.545
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 78.4 78.4 64.7 13.6 18.7 1.15 0.228 0.539 0.855 0.992 0.631
IPSL-CM5A-LR [-] 69.3 69.2 64.7 5.54 12.3 1.44 0.540 0.576 0.809 0.992 0.699
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 81.2 81.3 64.7 16.5 19.8 1.66 0.0754 0.620 0.779 0.935 0.606
MeanCMIP6 [-] 77.7 77.7 64.7 13.2 16.6 1.42 0.196 0.634 0.816 0.885 0.633
MIROC-ESM [-] 80.1 80.2 64.7 15.7 22.6 1.68 0.242 0.461 0.757 0.813 0.547
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 84.2 84.4 64.7 19.5 23.1 1.63 0.0727 0.584 0.777 0.993 0.602
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 80.1 80.1 64.7 15.0 19.1 1.44 0.177 0.715 0.810 0.941 0.672
NorESM1-ME [-] 79.3 79.3 64.7 14.6 20.1 1.84 0.184 0.561 0.741 0.892 0.588
NorESM2-LM [-] 76.8 76.7 64.7 12.2 16.5 1.41 0.246 0.552 0.812 0.804 0.593
UK-HadGEM2-ES [-] 81.5 81.5 64.7 16.5 19.0 1.51 0.104 0.774 0.799 0.954 0.681
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 76.8 76.7 64.7 12.2 16.3 1.55 0.282 0.655 0.789 0.975 0.671

Temporally integrated period mean

BENCHMARK MEAN
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MODEL MEAN
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BIAS
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BIAS SCORE
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RMSE
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RMSE SCORE
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BENCHMARK MAX MONTH
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MODEL MAX MONTH
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DIFFERENCE IN MAX MONTH
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SEASONAL CYCLE SCORE
Data not available
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SPATIAL TAYLOR DIAGRAM
Data not available
MODEL COLORS
Data not available

Spatially integrated regional mean

MODEL COLORS
Data not available
REGIONAL MEAN
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available
MONTHLY ANOMALY
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available

All Models

Benchmark
Data not available
Data not available
bcc-csm1-1
Data not available
Data not available
BCC-CSM2-MR
Data not available
Data not available
CanESM2
Data not available
Data not available
CanESM5
Data not available
Data not available
CESM1-BGC
Data not available
Data not available
CESM2
Data not available
Data not available
GFDL-ESM2G
Data not available
Data not available
GFDL-ESM4
Data not available
Data not available
IPSL-CM5A-LR
Data not available
Data not available
IPSL-CM6A-LR
Data not available
Data not available
MeanCMIP6
Data not available
Data not available
MIROC-ESM
Data not available
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MIROC-ESM2L
Data not available
Data not available
MPI-ESM1.2-HR
Data not available
Data not available
NorESM1-ME
Data not available
Data not available
NorESM2-LM
Data not available
Data not available
UK-HadGEM2-ES
Data not available
Data not available
UKESM1-0-LL
Data not available
Data not available

Data Information

  Title:
CRU time series (TS) high-resolution gridded datasets

  Version:
4.03

  Institutions:
Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

  Source:
monthly observations at meteorological stations across the world land areas

  History:
2019-09-10: downloaded source from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.03/
2019-11-15: estimate saturated vapor pressure using temperature
2019-11-15: calculate relative humidity using saturated vapor pressure and vapor pressure
2019-11-15: converted to ILAMB required netCDF with https://github.com/mmu2019/Datasets/blob/master/read-rhums-cru.py

  References:
Harris, I., P.D. Jones, T.J. Osborn and D.H. Lister (2014), Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10 Dataset, International Journal of Climatology, 34(3), 623-642, doi:10.1002/joc.3711

WMO CIMO Guide (2008), ANNEX 4.B. FORMULAE FOR THE COMPUTATION OF MEASURES OF HUMIDITY, MEASUREMENT OF HUMIDITY, Chapter 4, 163, https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=3151

  Comments:
time_period: 1980-01 through 2018-12
original_temporal_resolution: monthly
original_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree
original_units: hPa
final_temporal_resolution: monthly
final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree
final_units: %

  Convention:
CF-1.7