Mean State

Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Bias [watt/m2]
RMSE [watt/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 31.1
ACCESS-ESM1-5 [-] 13.6 13.9 31.1 9.85 -17.0 24.7 1.06 0.532 0.556 0.873 0.919 0.687
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 10.0 10.3 31.1 2.79 -20.5 26.9 1.51 0.472 0.574 0.801 0.871 0.658
CanESM5 [-] 16.1 16.7 31.1 10.3 -14.0 21.5 1.15 0.575 0.617 0.843 0.944 0.719
CESM2 [-] 20.4 20.6 31.1 15.6 -10.3 19.1 1.03 0.669 0.616 0.889 0.899 0.738
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 9.08 8.93 31.1 12.4 -22.2 29.4 1.11 0.444 0.524 0.868 0.848 0.642
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 16.9 17.3 31.1 9.97 -13.6 21.1 0.991 0.593 0.601 0.893 0.950 0.728
MeanCMIP6 [-] 14.8 15.2 31.1 12.4 -15.9 21.5 0.840 0.546 0.638 0.917 0.961 0.740
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 7.31 6.71 31.1 9.02 -24.0 30.0 1.05 0.412 0.588 0.882 0.737 0.641
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 16.1 16.6 31.1 7.30 -14.0 21.6 0.667 0.582 0.633 0.928 0.718 0.699
NorESM2-LM [-] 19.2 19.4 31.1 16.1 -11.7 21.3 1.26 0.647 0.580 0.848 0.899 0.711
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 19.1 19.2 31.1 16.4 -11.8 20.7 0.910 0.640 0.586 0.907 0.972 0.738
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Bias [watt/m2]
RMSE [watt/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 40.6
ACCESS-ESM1-5 [-] 29.1 34.7 40.6 11.3 -6.74 20.2 1.17 0.547 0.531 0.863 0.854 0.665
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 34.1 39.3 40.6 16.9 -2.14 22.3 1.28 0.530 0.473 0.850 0.725 0.610
CanESM5 [-] 27.9 32.6 40.6 13.4 -8.67 21.2 1.33 0.513 0.517 0.832 0.899 0.656
CESM2 [-] 33.5 39.6 40.6 13.8 -1.66 17.0 1.17 0.622 0.536 0.861 0.881 0.687
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 23.2 27.7 40.6 12.6 -13.0 21.7 1.16 0.494 0.522 0.876 0.876 0.658
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 29.7 35.5 40.6 11.3 -5.87 16.7 1.08 0.615 0.569 0.879 0.934 0.713
MeanCMIP6 [-] 29.8 34.7 40.6 14.0 -6.39 16.1 1.01 0.620 0.581 0.893 0.911 0.717
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 22.5 25.3 40.6 14.5 -15.8 25.2 1.24 0.426 0.520 0.844 0.821 0.626
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 35.7 41.1 40.6 16.2 -0.353 24.1 1.28 0.485 0.454 0.834 0.681 0.581
NorESM2-LM [-] 34.2 39.6 40.6 16.9 -2.14 17.8 1.33 0.624 0.520 0.836 0.890 0.678
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 29.0 33.5 40.6 14.4 -8.03 18.3 1.22 0.564 0.560 0.863 0.929 0.695
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Bias [watt/m2]
RMSE [watt/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 60.7
ACCESS-ESM1-5 [-] 50.9 58.0 60.7 40.8 -4.22 18.7 1.15 0.560 0.559 0.866 0.808 0.671
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 68.2 72.5 60.7 61.5 10.3 22.8 1.04 0.520 0.431 0.877 0.868 0.625
CanESM5 [-] 52.3 56.4 60.7 46.5 -5.69 18.0 1.19 0.567 0.559 0.849 0.951 0.697
CESM2 [-] 60.9 66.3 60.7 53.2 4.48 16.6 1.14 0.625 0.551 0.862 0.883 0.694
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 52.8 57.2 60.7 46.2 -3.55 17.3 0.952 0.603 0.537 0.898 0.914 0.698
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 53.5 59.9 60.7 44.6 -1.91 16.1 1.01 0.649 0.555 0.883 0.955 0.719
MeanCMIP6 [-] 57.9 63.1 60.7 50.1 1.64 14.5 0.861 0.679 0.586 0.907 0.983 0.748
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 53.6 56.0 60.7 49.6 -5.69 20.5 1.15 0.525 0.559 0.852 0.830 0.665
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 68.4 78.5 60.7 52.9 15.6 27.7 1.42 0.438 0.414 0.818 0.689 0.555
NorESM2-LM [-] 59.2 64.6 60.7 51.7 2.66 16.5 1.20 0.657 0.549 0.853 0.932 0.708
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 55.4 60.3 60.7 48.0 -1.92 15.2 0.972 0.634 0.615 0.889 0.902 0.731
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Bias [watt/m2]
RMSE [watt/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 47.0
ACCESS-ESM1-5 [-] 38.5 38.7 47.0 34.0 -8.51 16.3 0.712 0.642 0.701 0.935 0.930 0.782
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 44.9 46.1 47.0 40.3 -1.15 20.0 0.720 0.722 0.548 0.929 0.979 0.745
CanESM5 [-] 36.7 38.0 47.0 30.8 -9.70 18.6 0.894 0.654 0.640 0.906 0.960 0.760
CESM2 [-] 49.0 49.2 47.0 47.3 1.81 13.4 0.606 0.750 0.703 0.949 0.985 0.818
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 45.0 44.4 47.0 43.8 -2.68 17.4 0.563 0.717 0.604 0.954 0.957 0.767
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 40.9 41.9 47.0 35.1 -5.49 17.3 0.787 0.653 0.657 0.923 0.967 0.772
MeanCMIP6 [-] 44.2 44.9 47.0 40.1 -2.20 13.1 0.545 0.755 0.708 0.957 0.930 0.812
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 35.8 39.2 47.0 27.1 -8.36 18.1 0.536 0.647 0.673 0.950 0.963 0.781
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 56.0 56.6 47.0 52.4 8.53 21.2 0.724 0.673 0.541 0.930 0.976 0.732
NorESM2-LM [-] 48.7 49.2 47.0 44.3 1.54 14.6 0.585 0.724 0.688 0.949 0.980 0.806
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 42.4 42.9 47.0 41.3 -4.86 15.0 0.687 0.680 0.714 0.943 0.893 0.789
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Bias [watt/m2]
RMSE [watt/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 33.5
ACCESS-ESM1-5 [-] 20.8 22.9 33.5 13.6 -11.9 20.6 1.53 0.419 0.509 0.748 0.945 0.626
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 20.2 18.4 33.5 9.42 -15.7 27.0 2.19 0.423 0.390 0.657 0.744 0.521
CanESM5 [-] 17.5 27.9 33.5 22.6 -6.03 26.8 1.98 0.475 0.366 0.715 0.949 0.574
CESM2 [-] 25.7 28.4 33.5 25.3 -6.01 19.3 1.87 0.511 0.466 0.741 0.964 0.630
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 12.0 12.5 33.5 13.3 -20.8 28.4 1.80 0.299 0.436 0.722 0.887 0.556
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 19.3 23.0 33.5 21.4 -9.98 27.0 1.84 0.411 0.466 0.751 0.934 0.606
MeanCMIP6 [-] 19.4 20.4 33.5 16.3 -13.8 22.2 1.42 0.370 0.509 0.786 0.918 0.618
MIROC-ESM2L [-] -4.89 0.827 33.5 -2.83 -30.2 38.1 1.58 0.227 0.461 0.764 0.509 0.484
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 15.0 16.5 33.5 0.936 -15.7 25.7 1.55 0.344 0.502 0.774 0.782 0.581
NorESM2-LM [-] 27.6 28.3 33.5 20.9 -6.73 18.5 1.95 0.517 0.441 0.692 0.973 0.613
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 22.2 20.9 33.5 17.6 -13.2 26.7 2.77 0.384 0.461 0.596 0.709 0.522
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Bias [watt/m2]
RMSE [watt/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 29.2
ACCESS-ESM1-5 [-] 20.6 21.0 29.2 17.8 -8.24 16.7 1.62 0.593 0.518 0.790 0.967 0.677
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 22.2 22.8 29.2 14.1 -6.45 21.7 1.92 0.569 0.419 0.727 0.857 0.598
CanESM5 [-] 20.7 19.9 29.2 23.1 -8.47 16.9 1.52 0.566 0.542 0.780 0.963 0.679
CESM2 [-] 29.7 29.6 29.2 28.3 0.274 13.9 1.16 0.643 0.577 0.851 0.967 0.723
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 10.6 10.2 29.2 17.3 -19.0 23.8 1.62 0.347 0.524 0.788 0.878 0.612
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 25.1 25.5 29.2 27.4 -3.48 16.1 1.53 0.632 0.533 0.799 0.960 0.691
MeanCMIP6 [-] 20.7 21.0 29.2 21.6 -8.17 14.5 1.45 0.616 0.594 0.822 0.963 0.718
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 12.1 11.5 29.2 11.0 -17.6 24.6 1.69 0.393 0.484 0.778 0.805 0.589
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 18.0 17.9 29.2 11.5 -10.6 19.4 1.49 0.502 0.547 0.795 0.806 0.639
NorESM2-LM [-] 30.4 30.1 29.2 28.5 0.410 15.1 1.33 0.614 0.545 0.820 0.948 0.695
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 20.8 20.7 29.2 20.7 -8.37 16.1 1.69 0.592 0.549 0.779 0.952 0.685
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Bias [watt/m2]
RMSE [watt/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 33.1
ACCESS-ESM1-5 [-] 31.2 32.0 33.1 22.2 -3.31 12.6 1.74 0.436 0.524 0.739 0.527 0.550
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 37.8 38.8 33.1 20.7 3.32 18.8 2.11 0.230 0.329 0.663 0.387 0.388
CanESM5 [-] 32.8 34.7 33.1 19.5 -2.02 24.6 2.12 0.172 0.347 0.675 0.256 0.359
CESM2 [-] 33.7 33.8 33.1 27.2 -0.784 11.2 1.64 0.496 0.392 0.756 0.879 0.583
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 20.2 21.1 33.1 13.2 -12.0 18.6 1.84 0.179 0.467 0.738 0.707 0.512
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 27.3 27.9 33.1 21.5 -6.88 11.5 2.01 0.390 0.552 0.695 0.835 0.605
MeanCMIP6 [-] 27.4 27.8 33.1 18.5 -6.50 12.5 1.77 0.352 0.497 0.729 0.807 0.577
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 9.98 10.1 33.1 2.74 -23.8 28.1 2.12 0.0748 0.408 0.676 0.478 0.409
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 28.2 28.7 33.1 36.0 -4.99 22.7 2.14 0.181 0.387 0.672 0.205 0.367
NorESM2-LM [-] 38.2 38.6 33.1 27.3 3.28 12.1 2.17 0.368 0.398 0.670 0.868 0.540
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 20.0 20.5 33.1 14.9 -13.9 17.9 2.28 0.163 0.503 0.658 0.844 0.534
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Bias [watt/m2]
RMSE [watt/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 46.0
ACCESS-ESM1-5 [-] 47.1 47.7 46.0 31.8 -0.334 21.5 1.24 0.483 0.455 0.862 0.660 0.583
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 53.7 54.7 46.0 31.5 6.81 20.3 1.13 0.486 0.470 0.871 0.755 0.610
CanESM5 [-] 41.3 41.4 46.0 30.1 -6.36 25.5 1.54 0.404 0.404 0.816 0.734 0.552
CESM2 [-] 47.5 47.9 46.0 35.1 0.411 18.1 1.44 0.567 0.439 0.833 0.870 0.629
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 32.6 34.1 46.0 18.0 -11.9 20.7 1.24 0.434 0.464 0.873 0.942 0.635
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 43.1 44.1 46.0 29.9 -3.68 14.5 1.06 0.607 0.537 0.895 0.967 0.709
MeanCMIP6 [-] 42.2 42.8 46.0 27.0 -4.19 15.2 1.15 0.590 0.512 0.884 0.965 0.693
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 28.5 28.9 46.0 23.2 -18.1 27.6 1.50 0.316 0.440 0.812 0.705 0.543
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 51.1 50.7 46.0 65.4 2.86 29.6 1.63 0.387 0.336 0.798 0.447 0.461
NorESM2-LM [-] 47.3 47.8 46.0 34.4 0.0304 17.8 1.61 0.589 0.425 0.801 0.959 0.640
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 38.1 39.0 46.0 24.8 -8.61 20.2 1.45 0.454 0.472 0.841 0.820 0.612
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Bias [watt/m2]
RMSE [watt/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 23.8
ACCESS-ESM1-5 [-] 3.44 6.20 23.8 -7.25 -17.3 27.4 0.894 0.538 0.515 0.898 0.825 0.658
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] -0.705 2.49 23.8 -13.3 -21.1 28.0 1.16 0.483 0.563 0.880 0.696 0.637
CanESM5 [-] 5.00 9.02 23.8 -11.6 -14.7 23.7 1.16 0.601 0.579 0.872 0.882 0.702
CESM2 [-] 4.78 8.83 23.8 -11.0 -14.7 24.8 0.990 0.603 0.549 0.902 0.898 0.700
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 2.99 5.81 23.8 -5.94 -17.9 27.0 1.03 0.530 0.532 0.892 0.818 0.661
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 5.76 10.2 23.8 -12.2 -13.4 21.2 0.681 0.619 0.628 0.931 0.886 0.738
MeanCMIP6 [-] 4.30 7.78 23.8 -9.17 -15.9 24.0 0.609 0.566 0.579 0.945 0.867 0.707
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 1.33 3.26 23.8 -5.78 -20.1 28.8 0.649 0.487 0.549 0.930 0.699 0.643
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 7.82 11.5 23.8 -7.81 -11.7 20.6 0.586 0.643 0.641 0.943 0.880 0.749
NorESM2-LM [-] 4.03 8.02 23.8 -9.33 -15.9 27.2 1.27 0.579 0.507 0.855 0.881 0.666
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 6.80 9.94 23.8 -6.48 -13.8 24.8 0.926 0.617 0.528 0.903 0.919 0.699
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [watt/m2]
Model Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [watt/m2]
Bias [watt/m2]
RMSE [watt/m2]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 37.4
ACCESS-ESM1-5 [-] 32.6 32.4 37.4 25.3 -5.38 16.9 1.05 0.636 0.579 0.877 0.949 0.724
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 34.7 35.0 37.4 22.7 -3.16 20.3 1.20 0.657 0.483 0.852 0.961 0.687
CanESM5 [-] 27.1 27.5 37.4 22.1 -9.83 18.3 1.18 0.572 0.583 0.847 0.955 0.708
CESM2 [-] 38.1 38.1 37.4 33.6 0.307 14.3 1.08 0.674 0.612 0.872 0.968 0.748
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 23.9 24.2 37.4 19.4 -13.2 19.2 1.00 0.524 0.599 0.895 0.960 0.715
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 32.7 32.6 37.4 22.1 -5.02 16.7 1.07 0.604 0.610 0.873 0.957 0.731
MeanCMIP6 [-] 32.0 32.4 37.4 25.0 -5.18 13.5 0.918 0.662 0.653 0.899 0.966 0.767
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 25.7 26.0 37.4 19.2 -11.9 21.6 1.06 0.497 0.564 0.872 0.899 0.679
MPI-ESM1.2-HR [-] 40.3 40.0 37.4 43.4 1.99 19.4 1.28 0.633 0.507 0.846 0.874 0.674
NorESM2-LM [-] 38.1 38.5 37.4 32.4 0.576 15.2 1.09 0.669 0.592 0.861 0.973 0.737
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 32.0 31.9 37.4 29.2 -5.99 15.1 0.986 0.644 0.615 0.890 0.955 0.744

Temporally integrated period mean

BENCHMARK MEAN
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MODEL MEAN
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BIAS
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BIAS SCORE
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RMSE
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RMSE SCORE
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BENCHMARK MAX MONTH
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MODEL MAX MONTH
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DIFFERENCE IN MAX MONTH
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SEASONAL CYCLE SCORE
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SPATIAL TAYLOR DIAGRAM
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MODEL COLORS
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Spatially integrated regional mean

MODEL COLORS
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REGIONAL MEAN
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ANNUAL CYCLE
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MONTHLY ANOMALY
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ANNUAL CYCLE
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All Models

Benchmark
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ACCESS-ESM1-5
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BCC-CSM2-MR
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CanESM5
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CESM2
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GFDL-ESM4
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IPSL-CM6A-LR
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MeanCMIP6
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MIROC-ESM2L
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MPI-ESM1.2-HR
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NorESM2-LM
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UKESM1-0-LL
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Data Information

  Title:
FLUXCOM (RS+METEO) Global Land Energy Fluxes using GSWP3 climate data

  Version:
1

  Institutions:
Department Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Germany

  Source:
Data generated by machine learning to merge energy flux measurements from FLUXNET eddy covariance towers with MODIS remote sensing and GSWP3v1 meteorological data (RS+METEO)

  History:
2019-05-07: downloaded source from doi:10.17871/FLUXCOM_EnergyFluxes_v1
2019-06-28: converted to netCDF with https://github.com/mmu2019/Datasets/blob/master/read-sh-fluxcom.py

  References:
Jung, M., S. Koirala, U. Weber, K. Ichii, F. Gans, G. Camps-Valls, D. Papale, C. Schwalm, G. Tramontana, M. Reichstein (2019), The FLUXCOM ensemble of global land-atmosphere energy fluxes, Scientific Data, submitted, 1-12, https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.04951

Tramontana, G., M. Jung, C.R. Schwalm, K. Ichii, G. Camps-Valls, B. Raduly, M. Reichstein, M.A. Arain, A. Cescatti, G. Kiely, L. Merbold, P. Serrano-Ortiz, S. Sickert, S. Wolf, and D. Papale (2016), Predicting carbon dioxide and energy fluxes across global FLUXNET sites with regression algorithms, Biogeosciences, 13, 4291-4313, doi:10.5194/bg-13-4291-2016

  Comments:
time_period: 1980-01 through 2014-12
original_temporal_resolution: monthly
original_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree
original_units: MJ/m2/day
final_temporal_resolution: monthly
final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree
final_units: watt/m2

  Convention:
CF-1.7