Equatorial Africa Equatorial Asia Global - Land High Latitude South America - Amazon Temperate Latitudes

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	436.
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	474.		37.7	39.5	1.02		0.0168	0.445	0.933	0.460
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	465.		29.0	29.1	1.02		0.0430	0.428	0.933	0.458
BGCLND	[-]	468.		32.1	33.3	1.02		0.0308	0.479	0.933	0.481
BGCLNDATM_progCO2	[-]	464.		28.2	32.3	1.02		0.0471	0.374	0.933	0.432
CanESM5	[-]	468.		31.8	33.7	1.02		0.0319	0.410	0.933	0.446
CNRM-ESM2-1	[-]	466.		30.3	31.9	1.02		0.0374	0.390	0.933	0.437
EC-Earth3-CC	[-]	460.		23.6	29.5	2.00		0.0777	0.156	0.756	0.287
MeanCMIP6	[-]	469.		33.0	33.3	1.02		0.0280	0.438	0.933	0.459
MIROC-ES2L	[-]	469.		33.0	33.3	1.02		0.0278	0.476	0.933	0.478
MPI-ESM1-2-LR	[-]	467.		30.8	32.7	0.00		0.0354	0.409	1.00	0.463
MRI-ESM2-0	[-]	464.		28.0	30.2	0.00		0.0480	0.398	1.00	0.461
NorESM2-LM	[-]	469.		33.1	34.2	0.00		0.0278	0.497	1.00	0.505
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	481.		45.2	45.5	0.00		0.00741	0.345	1.00	0.424

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	452.
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	477.		25.0	26.1	0.00		0.00191	0.242	1.00	0.371
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	467.		15.2	16.5	2.03		0.0222	0.248	0.749	0.317
BGCLND	[-]	454.		2.14	4.46	1.02		0.585	0.397	0.933	0.578
BGCLNDATM_progCO2	[-]	451.		-0.192	3.57	1.02		0.953	0.406	0.933	0.674
CanESM5	[-]	460.		8.69	9.64	1.02		0.113	0.389	0.933	0.456
CNRM-ESM2-1	[-]	447.		-4.93	5.29	0.00		0.291	0.390	1.00	0.518
EC-Earth3-CC	[-]	449.		-2.28	7.18	1.02		0.564	0.204	0.933	0.476
MeanCMIP6	[-]	465.		12.9	14.1	0.00		0.0393	0.392	1.00	0.456
MIROC-ES2L	[-]	452.		0.306	7.36	1.02		0.926	0.160	0.933	0.545
MPI-ESM1-2-LR	[-]	450.		-1.58	5.71	0.00		0.673	0.287	1.00	0.562
MRI-ESM2-0	[-]	465.		12.9	14.4	1.02		0.0399	0.348	0.933	0.417
NorESM2-LM	[-]	474.		22.3	22.7	0.00		0.00371	0.248	1.00	0.375
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	465.		12.9	14.5	0.00		0.0396	0.331	1.00	0.425

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	376.
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	391.		14.6	27.4	0.422		0.630	0.616	0.967	0.708
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	379.		2.48	22.5	0.422		0.723	0.612	0.967	0.729
BGCLND	[-]	380.		3.42	19.9	0.253		0.733	0.657	0.980	0.757
BGCLNDATM_progCO2	[-]	383.		6.35	21.9	0.386		0.715	0.630	0.970	0.736
CanESM5	[-]	383.		6.91	23.8	0.446		0.709	0.610	0.967	0.724
CNRM-ESM2-1	[-]	381.		4.76	22.5	0.536		0.701	0.620	0.959	0.725
EC-Earth3-CC	[-]	378.		1.21	21.5	0.505		0.734	0.599	0.960	0.723
MeanCMIP6	[-]	380.		3.72	19.1	0.251		0.739	0.665	0.981	0.763
MIROC-ES2L	[-]	384.		7.48	22.7	0.307		0.722	0.633	0.974	0.740
MPI-ESM1-2-LR	[-]	379.		2.64	21.5	0.446		0.731	0.621	0.965	0.734
MRI-ESM2-0	[-]	382.		5.60	20.7	0.341		0.715	0.645	0.967	0.743
NorESM2-LM	[-]	391.		14.6	27.2	0.765		0.637	0.610	0.942	0.700
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	378.		2.03	23.2	0.455		0.720	0.593	0.964	0.717

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	339.
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	347.		8.02	22.5	0.429		0.723	0.648	0.968	0.746
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	334.		-5.53	21.3	0.333		0.829	0.611	0.978	0.757
BGCLND	[-]	335.		-3.06	17.7	0.103		0.853	0.653	0.993	0.788
BGCLNDATM_progCO2	[-]	344.		5.12	18.8	0.0344		0.804	0.676	0.998	0.789
CanESM5	[-]	339.		0.286	17.6	0.0667		0.826	0.662	0.996	0.787
CNRM-ESM2-1	[-]	345.		5.99	21.3	0.100		0.761	0.632	0.993	0.755
EC-Earth3-CC	[-]	336.		-3.36	16.7	0.133		0.865	0.661	0.991	0.795
MeanCMIP6	[-]	337.		-1.86	15.0	0.0333		0.841	0.704	0.998	0.812
MIROC-ES2L	[-]	339.		0.147	19.0	0.0333		0.817	0.654	0.998	0.781
MPI-ESM1-2-LR	[-]	338.		-1.01	17.3	0.166		0.854	0.661	0.989	0.791
MRI-ESM2-0	[-]	345.		5.93	18.6	0.0667		0.785	0.681	0.996	0.785
NorESM2-LM	[-]	345.		5.78	20.5	0.731		0.769	0.657	0.951	0.758
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	333.		-5.74	20.3	0.233		0.838	0.608	0.984	0.759

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	450.
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	478.		27.7	34.1	0.508		0.000508	0.0830	0.966	0.283
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	466.		15.9	19.9	0.508		0.0123	0.196	0.966	0.343
BGCLND	[-]	453.		2.66	5.77	0.00		0.508	0.328	1.00	0.541
BGCLNDATM_progCO2	[-]	449.		-0.989	5.84	0.508		0.259	0.313	0.966	0.463
CanESM5	[-]	497.		46.6	55.4	0.00		0.000206	0.0141	1.00	0.257
CNRM-ESM2-1	[-]	454.		4.18	10.7	0.00		0.496	0.0833	1.00	0.416
EC-Earth3-CC	[-]	472.		21.9	28.3	1.02		0.00235	0.116	0.874	0.277
MeanCMIP6	[-]	468.		17.9	22.4	0.00		0.00781	0.154	1.00	0.329
MIROC-ES2L	[-]	453.		2.48	8.92	1.02		0.498	0.125	0.874	0.405
MPI-ESM1-2-LR	[-]	465.		14.5	23.6	0.508		0.0836	0.0188	0.966	0.272
MRI-ESM2-0	[-]	461.		10.4	13.3	0.00		0.0924	0.207	1.00	0.376
NorESM2-LM	[-]	463.		13.1	14.8	0.508		0.0460	0.222	0.966	0.364
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	469.		18.7	22.8	0.00		0.00747	0.160	1.00	0.332

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	360.
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	376.		15.3	27.3	0.389		0.682	0.652	0.970	0.739
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	362.		1.45	22.0	0.344		0.788	0.633	0.976	0.757
BGCLND	[-]	363.		2.74	19.2	0.143		0.799	0.679	0.989	0.787
BGCLNDATM_progCO2	[-]	368.		7.63	22.3	0.348		0.759	0.652	0.973	0.759
CanESM5	[-]	368.		7.21	23.1	0.367		0.762	0.644	0.973	0.756
CNRM-ESM2-1	[-]	365.		4.80	21.8	0.451		0.763	0.657	0.966	0.760
EC-Earth3-CC	[-]	360.		0.0212	20.7	0.498		0.801	0.640	0.962	0.761
MeanCMIP6	[-]	364.		3.45	18.6	0.189		0.799	0.691	0.986	0.792
MIROC-ES2L	[-]	368.		7.96	23.2	0.189		0.748	0.662	0.986	0.765
MPI-ESM1-2-LR	[-]	364.		3.26	20.9	0.367		0.786	0.659	0.971	0.769
MRI-ESM2-0	[-]	366.		5.87	20.0	0.331		0.769	0.688	0.968	0.778
NorESM2-LM	[-]	376.		15.4	27.6	0.771		0.686	0.635	0.943	0.725
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	362.		1.87	23.4	0.367		0.777	0.611	0.973	0.743

Equatorial Africa Equatorial Asia Global - Land High Latitude South America - Amazon Temperate Latitudes Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:

2015

  Institutions:

FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  References:

Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:

Fluxnet variable(s) used: LW_OUT