Boreal forest Global - Land Subtropical desert Temperate grassland/desert Temperate seasonal forest Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal forest/savanna Tundra Woodland/shrubland

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.182
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.124		0.0663	0.991	2.15		0.779	0.410	0.384	0.496
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-0.148		0.0417	0.914	1.86		0.788	0.429	0.458	0.526
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-0.135		0.0471	1.10	1.85		0.804	0.375	0.433	0.497
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.160		0.0299	0.875	1.89		0.815	0.431	0.518	0.549
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-0.138		0.0517	0.837	1.81		0.794	0.439	0.574	0.562
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-0.173		0.00921	0.897	1.81		0.839	0.435	0.560	0.568
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.200		-0.0105	0.996	1.56		0.836	0.373	0.707	0.572
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	-0.168		0.0219	0.974	1.56		0.820	0.374	0.658	0.557
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	-0.167		0.0223	0.979	1.31		0.810	0.386	0.743	0.581
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.166		0.0237	0.826	1.65		0.808	0.466	0.531	0.568
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-0.163		0.0270	0.802	1.31		0.802	0.456	0.725	0.610
Mean-Princeton	[-]	-0.160		0.0223	0.860	1.81		0.809	0.457	0.476	0.549

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.710
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.229		0.432	1.72	2.09		0.494	0.416	0.779	0.526
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-0.209		0.452	1.67	2.00		0.485	0.420	0.749	0.518
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-0.231		0.481	1.76	1.87		0.462	0.401	0.750	0.503
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.177		0.489	1.70	2.45		0.472	0.411	0.680	0.494
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-0.153		0.514	1.70	1.84		0.464	0.414	0.845	0.534
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-0.183		0.526	1.75	2.16		0.446	0.401	0.680	0.482
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.203		0.459	1.81	1.89		0.479	0.388	0.682	0.484
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	-0.187		0.475	1.81	1.71		0.470	0.396	0.771	0.508
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	-0.189		0.473	1.81	1.81		0.472	0.400	0.711	0.496
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.199		0.465	1.60	2.02		0.478	0.434	0.791	0.534
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-0.179		0.485	1.62	1.69		0.470	0.428	0.809	0.534
Mean-Princeton	[-]	-0.196		0.514	1.65	1.90		0.448	0.419	0.754	0.510

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.563
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.0796		0.394	1.42	3.36		0.593	0.347	0.408	0.424
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-0.0605		0.413	1.37	2.81		0.577	0.358	0.498	0.447
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-0.0783		0.477	1.63	2.66		0.560	0.319	0.299	0.374
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.174		0.299	1.34	2.14		0.659	0.342	0.910	0.563
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-0.165		0.309	1.36	1.69		0.659	0.331	0.966	0.572
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-0.204		0.353	1.63	2.28		0.635	0.313	0.724	0.496
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.0402		0.582	1.38	2.65		0.536	0.321	0.266	0.361
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	-0.0611		0.562	1.43	2.27		0.547	0.308	0.348	0.378
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	-0.0451		0.578	1.39	2.40		0.539	0.319	0.343	0.380
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.0902		0.384	1.29	2.82		0.600	0.369	0.450	0.447
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-0.0918		0.382	1.34	2.58		0.601	0.347	0.546	0.460
Mean-Princeton	[-]	-0.100		0.461	1.49	2.42		0.568	0.319	0.527	0.433

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.0701
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.110		-0.0373	0.924	3.46		0.144	-0.0401	0.225	0.0721
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-0.0897		-0.0171	0.788	3.20		0.0674	-0.0602	0.219	0.0415
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-0.101		-0.0307	0.862	3.32		0.440	0.00450	0.513	0.241
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.159		-0.0862	0.587	5.17		0.0610	-0.166	-0.610	-0.220
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-0.148		-0.0754	0.609	1.15		0.0280	0.0749	-0.587	-0.102
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-0.180		-0.110	0.598	0.433		0.282	0.218	1.17	0.472
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.0408		0.0318	0.756	1.76		-0.188	-0.112	-0.493	-0.226
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	-0.0285		0.0441	0.673	2.63		-0.215	0.0340	-0.385	-0.133
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	-0.0439		0.0287	0.678	1.61		-0.193	-0.104	-0.198	-0.150
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.102		-0.0295	0.617	5.18		-0.00430	-0.167	-0.390	-0.182
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-0.0970		-0.0244	0.589	1.16		-0.0334	-0.153	-0.367	-0.177
Mean-Princeton	[-]	-0.110		-0.0397	0.562	1.60		0.309	-0.0600	-0.400	-0.0527

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.920
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.289		0.610	1.90	1.54		0.491	0.471	0.815	0.562
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-0.243		0.656	1.89	1.57		0.477	0.461	0.809	0.552
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-0.288		0.634	1.93	1.43		0.481	0.458	0.817	0.553
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.186		0.712	1.93	2.22		0.468	0.455	0.663	0.511
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-0.147		0.752	1.91	1.41		0.457	0.460	0.895	0.568
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-0.178		0.740	1.93	2.24		0.456	0.458	0.664	0.509
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.295		0.612	2.02	1.69		0.495	0.420	0.791	0.532
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	-0.248		0.658	2.03	1.41		0.479	0.429	0.859	0.549
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	-0.276		0.630	1.98	1.72		0.490	0.435	0.775	0.534
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.249		0.647	1.80	1.39		0.483	0.481	0.849	0.574
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-0.209		0.687	1.83	1.38		0.470	0.475	0.849	0.567
Mean-Princeton	[-]	-0.242		0.676	1.85	1.38		0.471	0.471	0.832	0.562

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.384
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.156		0.228	1.87	5.54		0.242	0.374	-0.0813	0.227
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-0.153		0.231	1.91	5.54		0.239	0.392	-0.0813	0.235
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-0.150		0.235	1.90	0.508		0.236	0.376	1.08	0.516
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.130		0.255	1.85	0.508		0.217	0.373	0.856	0.455
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-0.131		0.254	2.14	0.508		0.219	0.372	1.08	0.510
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-0.103		0.282	2.25	0.508		0.193	0.299	1.08	0.467
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.192		0.192	1.91	0.508		0.276	0.438	1.08	0.557
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	-0.155		0.229	2.17	2.54		0.241	0.361	1.03	0.499
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	-0.165		0.220	2.10	0.508		0.250	0.362	1.08	0.513
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.130		0.255	1.85	0.508		0.217	0.373	0.856	0.455
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-0.131		0.254	2.14	0.508		0.219	0.372	1.08	0.510
Mean-Princeton	[-]	-0.103		0.282	2.25	0.508		0.193	0.299	1.08	0.467

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.627
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.199		0.406	1.46	2.68		0.313	0.279	0.541	0.353
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-0.184		0.421	1.42	2.69		0.307	0.316	0.477	0.354
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-0.183		0.445	1.48	2.43		0.310	0.297	0.416	0.330
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.268		0.395	1.73	3.04		0.314	0.281	0.544	0.355
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-0.256		0.408	1.86	2.80		0.308	0.263	0.643	0.369
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-0.288		0.331	1.85	2.64		0.372	0.234	0.470	0.327
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.208		0.168	1.96	3.03		0.322	0.225	0.282	0.263
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	-0.227		0.149	1.88	3.03		0.315	0.262	0.263	0.275
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	-0.209		0.167	1.94	3.11		0.314	0.221	0.351	0.277
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.232		0.431	1.53	2.99		0.301	0.327	0.404	0.340
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-0.230		0.434	1.57	2.90		0.300	0.309	0.439	0.339
Mean-Princeton	[-]	-0.232		0.404	1.56	3.14		0.333	0.313	0.320	0.320

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.161
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.0186		0.106	0.807	3.69		0.800	0.328	0.367	0.456
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-0.0240		0.100	0.760	2.16		0.805	0.358	0.909	0.608
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-0.0106		0.150	0.953	2.54		0.717	0.351	0.608	0.507
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.0368		0.0876	0.600	1.90		0.811	0.418	0.846	0.623
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-0.0282		0.0961	0.613	1.90		0.808	0.416	0.846	0.621
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-0.0330		0.128	0.660	1.90		0.746	0.405	0.868	0.606
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	0.00383		0.145	0.640	0.503		0.782	0.418	0.993	0.653
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	-0.0383		0.103	0.652	1.02		0.798	0.409	0.988	0.651
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	-0.0305		0.111	0.581	1.36		0.794	0.429	0.998	0.663
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.0158		0.109	0.618	2.29		0.797	0.412	0.822	0.611
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-0.0274		0.0970	0.616	1.65		0.808	0.418	0.950	0.648
Mean-Princeton	[-]	-0.0222		0.139	0.655	2.54		0.729	0.407	0.608	0.538

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [g m-2 d-1]		Bias [g m-2 d-1]	RMSE [g m-2 d-1]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-0.873
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.270		0.477	2.09	1.91		0.511	0.391	0.892	0.546
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-0.257		0.490	2.02	2.01		0.505	0.403	0.806	0.529
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-0.283		0.594	2.11	1.94		0.434	0.370	0.816	0.497
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.163		0.585	2.01	2.64		0.475	0.401	0.747	0.506
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-0.143		0.605	2.02	2.22		0.471	0.406	0.864	0.537
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-0.172		0.702	2.09	2.39		0.400	0.378	0.742	0.474
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.145		0.635	2.19	2.09		0.431	0.374	0.612	0.448
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	-0.158		0.622	2.20	1.67		0.432	0.380	0.770	0.490
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	-0.134		0.646	2.24	1.93		0.424	0.386	0.699	0.474
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.193		0.554	1.95	2.14		0.485	0.414	0.894	0.552
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-0.175		0.572	1.97	1.83		0.479	0.413	0.902	0.552
Mean-Princeton	[-]	-0.190		0.685	2.00	2.13		0.405	0.393	0.817	0.502

Boreal forest Global - Land Subtropical desert Temperate grassland/desert Temperate rain forest Temperate seasonal forest Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal forest/savanna Tundra Woodland/shrubland Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:

2015

  Institutions:

FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  References:

Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:

Fluxnet variable(s) used: NEE_VUT_REF